详解Java中Duration类的使用方法

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2026-09-27 • 👁 0人浏览过

目录简介 Duration和Period 创建方法通过时间单位创建通过LocalDateTime或LocalTime 通过已有的Duration 解析方法用法说明详解比较方法增减方法转换单位取值方法简介本文用示例介绍java的Duration的用法。 Duration和Period 说明 Duration类通过秒和纳秒相结合来描述一个时间量，最高精度是纳秒。时间量可以为正也可以为负，比如1天（86400秒0纳秒）、-1天（-86400秒0纳秒）、1年（31556952秒0纳秒）、1毫秒（0秒1000000纳秒）等。 Period类通过年、月、日相结合来描述一个时间量，最高精度是天。时间量可以为正也可以为负，例如2年（2年0个月0天）、3个月（0年3个月0天）、4天（0年0月4天）等。这两个类是不可变的、线程安全的、最终类。都是JDK8新增的。 Period用法见：详解Java中Period类的使用方法创建方法通过时间单位创建基于天、时、分、秒、纳秒创建。 ofDays(), ofHours(), ofMillis(), ofMinutes(), ofNanos(), ofSeconds()。例如：

Duration fromDays = Duration.ofDays(1);

通过LocalDateTime或LocalTime 通过LocalDateTime或者LocalTime 类，然后使用between获取创建Duration。

LocalDateTime start = LocalDateTime.of(2022, 1, 1, 8, 0, 0);
LocalDateTime end = LocalDateTime.of(2022, 1, 2, 8, 30, 30);
 
Duration duration = Duration.between(start, end);

通过已有的Duration

Duration du1 = Duration.ofHours(10);
Duration duration = Duration.from(du1);

解析方法用法说明用法示例

Duration fromChar1 = Duration.parse("P1DT1H10M10.5S");
Duration fromChar2 = Duration.parse("PT10M");

格式说明采用ISO-8601时间格式。格式为：PnYnMnDTnHnMnS （n为个数）例如：P1Y2M10DT2H30M15.03S P：开始标记 1Y：一年 2M：两个月 10D：十天 T：日期和时间的分割标记 2H：两个小时 30M：三十分钟 15S：15.02秒详解 1."P", "D", "H", "M" 和 "S"可以是大写或者小写（建议大写） 2.可以用“-”表示负数示例大全 "PT20.345S" -- parses as "20.345 seconds" "PT15M" -- parses as "15 minutes" (where a minute is 60 seconds) "PT10H" -- parses as "10 hours" (where an hour is 3600 seconds) "P2D" -- parses as "2 days" (where a day is 24 hours or 86400 seconds) "P2DT3H4M" -- parses as "2 days, 3 hours and 4 minutes" "P-6H3M" -- parses as "-6 hours and +3 minutes" "-P6H3M" -- parses as "-6 hours and -3 minutes" "-P-6H+3M" -- parses as "+6 hours and -3 minutes" 源码：

public final class Duration
        implements TemporalAmount, Comparable, Serializable {
		
	//其他代码
	
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    /**
     * Obtains a {@code Duration} from a text string such as {@code PnDTnHnMn.nS}.
     * 
     * This will parse a textual representation of a duration, including the
     * string produced by {@code toString()}. The formats accepted are based
     * on the ISO-8601 duration format {@code PnDTnHnMn.nS} with days
     * considered to be exactly 24 hours.
     * 

     * The string starts with an optional sign, denoted by the ASCII negative
     * or positive symbol. If negative, the whole period is negated.
     * The ASCII letter "P" is next in upper or lower case.
     * There are then four sections, each consisting of a number and a suffix.
     * The sections have suffixes in ASCII of "D", "H", "M" and "S" for
     * days, hours, minutes and seconds, accepted in upper or lower case.
     * The suffixes must occur in order. The ASCII letter "T" must occur before
     * the first occurrence, if any, of an hour, minute or second section.
     * At least one of the four sections must be present, and if "T" is present
     * there must be at least one section after the "T".
     * The number part of each section must consist of one or more ASCII digits.
     * The number may be prefixed by the ASCII negative or positive symbol.
     * The number of days, hours and minutes must parse to an {@code long}.
     * The number of seconds must parse to an {@code long} with optional fraction.
     * The decimal point may be either a dot or a comma.
     * The fractional part may have from zero to 9 digits.
     * 

     * The leading plus/minus sign, and negative values for other units are
     * not part of the ISO-8601 standard.
     * 

     * Examples:
     * 
     *    "PT20.345S" -- parses as "20.345 seconds"
     *    "PT15M"     -- parses as "15 minutes" (where a minute is 60 seconds)
     *    "PT10H"     -- parses as "10 hours" (where an hour is 3600 seconds)
     *    "P2D"       -- parses as "2 days" (where a day is 24 hours or 86400 seconds)
     *    "P2DT3H4M"  -- parses as "2 days, 3 hours and 4 minutes"
     *    "P-6H3M"    -- parses as "-6 hours and +3 minutes"
     *    "-P6H3M"    -- parses as "-6 hours and -3 minutes"
     *    "-P-6H+3M"  -- parses as "+6 hours and -3 minutes"
     * 
     *
     * @param text  the text to parse, not null
     * @return the parsed duration, not null
     * @throws DateTimeParseException if the text cannot be parsed to a duration
     */
    public static Duration parse(CharSequence text) {
		......
	}
}

比较方法比较两个时间的差

Instant start = Instant.parse("2017-10-03T10:15:30.00Z");
Instant end = Instant.parse("2017-10-03T10:16:30.00Z");
 
// start - end         
Duration duration = Duration.between(start, end);
 
// 任何一个时间单元为负数，则返回true。true：end早于start
duration.isNegative();
 
Duration.between(start, end).getSeconds();
Duration.between(start, end).getNano();

增减方法 plusX()、minusX() X表示days, hours, millis, minutes, nanos 或 seconds

Duration duration = Duration.ofHours(2);
Duration newDuration = duration.plusSeconds(33);

plus()/minus()方法带TemporalUnit 类型参数进行加减：

Duration duration = Duration.ofHours(2);
Duration newDuration = duration.plus(33, ChronoUnit.SECONDS);

转换单位可以用toX来转换为其他单位，支持：toDays, toHours, toMinutes, toMillis, toNanos

Duration duration = Duration.ofHours(2);
 
duration.toDays();     // 0
duration.toHours();    // 2
duration.toMinutes();  // 120
duration.toMillis();   // 7200000
duration.toNanos();    // 7200000000000

取值方法可以用getX来获得指定位置的值，因为Duration是由秒和纳秒组成，所以只能获得秒和纳秒：

Duration duration = Duration.ofHours(2);
 
duration.getSeconds();  //7200
duration.getNano();     //

以上就是详解Java中Duration类的使用方法的详细内容，更多关于Java Duration类的资料请关注脚本之家其它相关文章！您可能感兴趣的文章: 详解Java中Period类的使用方法深入理解java long 存储时间戳 JAVA时间存储类Period和Duration使用详解